#!/usr/bin/env python3
from __future__ import annotations

import argparse
import json
import os
import sys
import uuid
from collections import Counter
from dataclasses import asdict
from datetime import UTC, datetime
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any

from alembic.config import Config
from alembic.script import ScriptDirectory
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, text
from sqlalchemy.engine import Connection
from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool

SERVER_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
SRC_DIR = SERVER_DIR / "src"
if str(SRC_DIR) not in sys.path:
    sys.path.insert(0, str(SRC_DIR))

from app.cli.savings_standard_adjustment_backfill import (  # noqa: E402
    DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE,
    MAX_BATCH_SIZE,
    StandardAdjustmentBackfillCursor,
    StandardAdjustmentSavingsBackfillService,
)
from app.db.maintenance_database_target import (  # noqa: E402
    MaintenanceDatabaseTargetError,
    validate_maintenance_database_target,
)
from app.db.migration_preflight import (  # noqa: E402
    MigrationPreflightError,
    validate_migration_state,
)

REQUIRED_ALEMBIC_REVISION = "20260716_0015"
EXIT_SAFETY = 3
EXIT_LOCKED = 4
EXIT_RUNTIME = 6


class BackfillCommandError(RuntimeError):
    def __init__(self, message: str, *, code: str, exit_code: int) -> None:
        super().__init__(message)
        self.code = code
        self.exit_code = exit_code


def revision_contains_required(
    current_revision: str | None,
    required_revision: str = REQUIRED_ALEMBIC_REVISION,
) -> bool:
    """确认当前迁移沿 down_revision 链包含回填所需的数据契约。"""

    current = str(current_revision or "").strip()
    required = str(required_revision or "").strip()
    if not current or not required:
        return False

    config = Config(str(SERVER_DIR / "alembic.ini"))
    script_directory = ScriptDirectory.from_config(config)
    pending = [current]
    visited: set[str] = set()
    while pending:
        revision_id = pending.pop()
        if revision_id in visited:
            continue
        if revision_id == required:
            return True
        visited.add(revision_id)
        revision = script_directory.get_revision(revision_id)
        if revision is None:
            return False
        down_revision = revision.down_revision
        if isinstance(down_revision, str):
            pending.append(down_revision)
        elif down_revision:
            pending.extend(str(item) for item in down_revision)
    return False


def parse_timestamp(value: str) -> datetime:
    normalized = str(value or "").strip()
    if normalized.endswith("Z"):
        normalized = f"{normalized[:-1]}+00:00"
    try:
        parsed = datetime.fromisoformat(normalized)
    except ValueError as exc:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("必须是带时区的 ISO 8601 时间") from exc
    if parsed.tzinfo is None or parsed.utcoffset() is None:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("时间必须显式包含时区")
    return parsed.astimezone(UTC)


def positive_int(value: str) -> int:
    try:
        parsed = int(value)
    except ValueError as exc:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("必须是正整数") from exc
    if parsed < 1:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("必须是正整数")
    return parsed


def batch_size(value: str) -> int:
    parsed = positive_int(value)
    if parsed > MAX_BATCH_SIZE:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(f"不能超过 {MAX_BATCH_SIZE}")
    return parsed


def non_empty_text(value: str) -> str:
    normalized = str(value or "").strip()
    if not normalized:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("不能为空")
    return normalized


def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description="按服务端历史证据回填标准调整节省机会；默认只读预览。",
    )
    mode = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
    mode.add_argument("--dry-run", action="store_true", help="只读预览（默认）。")
    mode.add_argument("--apply", action="store_true", help="按批写入节省机会及证据链。")
    parser.add_argument("--tenant-id", required=True, type=non_empty_text)
    parser.add_argument("--created-before", required=True, type=parse_timestamp)
    parser.add_argument("--batch-size", type=batch_size, default=DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE)
    parser.add_argument("--max-claims", type=positive_int)
    parser.add_argument("--sample-limit", type=positive_int, default=20)
    parser.add_argument("--expected-host", required=True)
    parser.add_argument("--expected-database", required=True)
    parser.add_argument(
        "--confirm-target",
        help="apply 时必须精确等于解析后的 host:port/database。",
    )
    parser.add_argument("--allow-non-disposable-target", action="store_true")
    return parser


def _cursor_payload(cursor: StandardAdjustmentBackfillCursor | None) -> dict[str, str] | None:
    if cursor is None:
        return None
    return {"created_at": _isoformat(cursor.created_at), "claim_id": cursor.claim_id}


def _item_payload(item: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
    payload = asdict(item)
    payload["disposition"] = item.disposition.value
    for field in ("original_amount", "target_amount", "saving_amount"):
        if payload[field] is not None:
            payload[field] = str(payload[field])
    return payload


def _base_summary(args: argparse.Namespace, *, target: Any, revision: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
    return {
        "mode": "apply" if args.apply else "dry-run",
        "database": {
            "target": target.exact_target,
            "url": target.sanitized_url,
            "revision": revision,
        },
        "tenant_id": args.tenant_id,
        "created_before": _isoformat(args.created_before),
        "claims_inspected": 0,
        "flags_inspected": 0,
        "eligible": 0,
        "created": 0,
        "replayed": 0,
        "skipped": 0,
        "reasons": {},
        "batches": 0,
        "limited": False,
        "last_cursor": None,
        "samples": [],
    }


def _page_size(configured: int, remaining: int | None) -> int:
    return configured if remaining is None else min(configured, remaining)


def _merge_page(summary: dict[str, Any], page: Any, *, sample_limit: int) -> None:
    summary["batches"] += 1
    summary["claims_inspected"] += page.claims_inspected
    summary["flags_inspected"] += page.flags_inspected
    for field in ("eligible", "created", "replayed", "skipped"):
        if hasattr(page, field):
            summary[field] += int(getattr(page, field))
    reasons = Counter(summary["reasons"])
    reasons.update(page.reasons)
    summary["reasons"] = dict(sorted(reasons.items()))
    available = max(0, sample_limit - len(summary["samples"]))
    summary["samples"].extend(_item_payload(item) for item in page.items[:available])
    summary["last_cursor"] = _cursor_payload(page.next_cursor)


def _preview(session: Session, args: argparse.Namespace, summary: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
    service = StandardAdjustmentSavingsBackfillService(
        session,
        tenant_id=args.tenant_id,
        created_before=args.created_before,
    )
    cursor = None
    remaining = args.max_claims
    last_has_more = False
    while remaining is None or remaining > 0:
        page = service.preview(
            batch_size=_page_size(args.batch_size, remaining),
            after=cursor,
        )
        if page.claims_inspected == 0:
            break
        _merge_page(summary, page, sample_limit=args.sample_limit)
        cursor = page.next_cursor
        last_has_more = page.has_more
        if remaining is not None:
            remaining -= page.claims_inspected
        if not page.has_more:
            break
    summary["limited"] = bool(remaining == 0 and last_has_more)


def _acquire_lock(connection: Connection, tenant_id: str) -> str:
    lock_name = f"savings-standard-adjustment-backfill:{tenant_id}"
    acquired = connection.scalar(
        text("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock(hashtextextended(:name, 0))"),
        {"name": lock_name},
    )
    connection.commit()
    if not acquired:
        raise BackfillCommandError(
            "同一租户已有标准调整 Savings 回填正在运行。",
            code="advisory_lock_unavailable",
            exit_code=EXIT_LOCKED,
        )
    return lock_name


def _release_lock(connection: Connection, lock_name: str) -> None:
    if connection.in_transaction():
        connection.rollback()
    connection.execute(
        text("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock(hashtextextended(:name, 0))"),
        {"name": lock_name},
    )
    connection.commit()


def _apply(connection: Connection, args: argparse.Namespace, summary: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
    lock_name = _acquire_lock(connection, args.tenant_id)
    run_id = f"savings-adjustment-{uuid.uuid4().hex}"
    summary["run_id"] = run_id
    cursor = None
    remaining = args.max_claims
    last_has_more = False
    try:
        with Session(bind=connection, autoflush=False, expire_on_commit=False) as session:
            service = StandardAdjustmentSavingsBackfillService(
                session,
                tenant_id=args.tenant_id,
                created_before=args.created_before,
            )
            while remaining is None or remaining > 0:
                session.execute(text("SET LOCAL lock_timeout = '5s'"))
                result = service.apply_batch(
                    run_id=run_id,
                    batch_size=_page_size(args.batch_size, remaining),
                    after=cursor,
                )
                if result.claims_inspected == 0:
                    session.rollback()
                    break
                session.commit()
                _merge_page(summary, result, sample_limit=args.sample_limit)
                cursor = result.next_cursor
                last_has_more = result.has_more
                if remaining is not None:
                    remaining -= result.claims_inspected
                if not result.has_more:
                    break
        summary["limited"] = bool(remaining == 0 and last_has_more)
    finally:
        _release_lock(connection, lock_name)


def run(args: argparse.Namespace) -> dict[str, Any]:
    if args.apply and not str(args.confirm_target or "").strip():
        raise BackfillCommandError(
            "--apply 必须提供 --confirm-target 精确确认数据库目标。",
            code="confirm_target_required",
            exit_code=EXIT_SAFETY,
        )
    database_url = os.environ.get("DATABASE_URL", "")
    target = validate_maintenance_database_target(
        database_url,
        expected_host=args.expected_host,
        expected_database=args.expected_database,
        apply=args.apply,
        allow_non_disposable=args.allow_non_disposable_target,
        confirm_target=args.confirm_target,
    )
    engine = create_engine(database_url, pool_pre_ping=True, poolclass=NullPool)
    try:
        with engine.connect() as connection:
            database = str(connection.scalar(text("SELECT current_database()")) or "")
            if database != target.database:
                raise BackfillCommandError(
                    "连接后的数据库名与 DATABASE_URL 不一致。",
                    code="connected_database_mismatch",
                    exit_code=EXIT_SAFETY,
                )
            state = validate_migration_state(connection)
            if not revision_contains_required(state.revision):
                raise BackfillCommandError(
                    f"数据库迁移链必须包含 {REQUIRED_ALEMBIC_REVISION}，"
                    f"实际为 {state.revision or 'unversioned/base'}。",
                    code="migration_revision_mismatch",
                    exit_code=EXIT_SAFETY,
                )
            connection.rollback()
            summary = _base_summary(args, target=target, revision=state.revision)
            with Session(bind=connection, autoflush=False) as session:
                _preview(session, args, summary)
                session.rollback()
            if not args.apply:
                summary["would_create"] = summary["eligible"]
                return summary

            preview = dict(summary)
            summary.update(
                claims_inspected=0,
                flags_inspected=0,
                eligible=0,
                created=0,
                replayed=0,
                skipped=0,
                reasons={},
                batches=0,
                limited=False,
                last_cursor=None,
                samples=[],
                preview=preview,
            )
            _apply(connection, args, summary)
            return summary
    finally:
        engine.dispose()


def _isoformat(value: datetime) -> str:
    normalized = value.replace(tzinfo=UTC) if value.tzinfo is None else value.astimezone(UTC)
    return normalized.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")


def _error_payload(exc: Exception, *, code: str) -> dict[str, str]:
    return {"status": "error", "code": code, "message": str(exc)}


def main(argv: list[str] | None = None) -> int:
    args = build_parser().parse_args(argv)
    try:
        payload = run(args)
    except BackfillCommandError as exc:
        print(json.dumps(_error_payload(exc, code=exc.code), ensure_ascii=False), file=sys.stderr)
        return exc.exit_code
    except MaintenanceDatabaseTargetError as exc:
        print(json.dumps(_error_payload(exc, code=exc.code), ensure_ascii=False), file=sys.stderr)
        return EXIT_SAFETY
    except MigrationPreflightError as exc:
        print(
            json.dumps(
                _error_payload(exc, code="migration_preflight_failed"),
                ensure_ascii=False,
            ),
            file=sys.stderr,
        )
        return EXIT_SAFETY
    except (OSError, SQLAlchemyError, ValueError, RuntimeError) as exc:
        print(
            json.dumps(_error_payload(exc, code="backfill_runtime_error"), ensure_ascii=False),
            file=sys.stderr,
        )
        return EXIT_RUNTIME
    print(json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2, default=str))
    return 0


if __name__ == "__main__":
    raise SystemExit(main())