feat: 完善审批退回流程与报销申请关联

后端优化报销单访问策略和常量定义，增强退回原因和审批状态
流转，前端完善退回对话框和审批交互组件，新增报销申请关联
模型，优化文档中心行数据和审批收件箱工具函数，增强引导
流程和会话模型，补充单元测试覆盖。

web/tests/travel-request-detail-leader-approval.test.mjs

@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ const detailStyles = readFileSync(
   fileURLToPath(new URL('../src/assets/styles/views/travel-request-detail-view.css', import.meta.url)),
   'utf8'
 )
+const approvalDialog = readFileSync(
+  fileURLToPath(new URL('../src/components/travel/TravelRequestApprovalDialog.vue', import.meta.url)),
+  'utf8'
+)
 const reimbursementService = readFileSync(
   fileURLToPath(new URL('../src/services/reimbursements.js', import.meta.url)),
   'utf8'
@@ -43,34 +47,57 @@ function extractFunction(source, name) {
   assert.fail(`${name} body should be closed`)
 }
 
-test('approval-mode detail collects leader opinion and confirms approval before API call', () => {
+test('approval-mode detail collects leader opinion inside confirm dialog before API call', () => {
   assert.match(detailScript, /approvalMode:/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /const leaderOpinion = ref\(''\)/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /const approveConfirmDialogOpen = ref\(false\)/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /const canApproveRequest = computed/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /canApproveLeaderExpenseClaims/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /isCurrentDirectManagerForRequest/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /isCurrentRequestApplicant/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /isFinanceApprovalStage/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /const isCurrentApplicant = computed/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /const isCurrentDirectManagerApprover = computed/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /const canProcessFinanceApprovalStage = computed/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /approvalOpinionTitle/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /approvalConfirmDescription/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /approvalNextStage/)
-  assert.match(detailScript, /showApplicationLeaderOpinionInput/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailScript, /showApplicationLeaderOpinionInput/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailScript, /showLeaderApprovalPanel/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /const requiresApprovalOpinion = computed\(\(\) => isDirectManagerApprovalStage\.value\)/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /buildLeaderApprovalEvents/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /buildLeaderApprovalInfo/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /const leaderApprovalEvents = computed/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /const hasLeaderApprovalEvents = computed/)
+  assert.match(
+    detailScript,
+    /const showApplicationLeaderOpinion = computed\(\(\) => \(\s*isApplicationDocument\.value\s*&& hasLeaderApprovalEvents\.value\s*\)\)/
+  )
+  assert.match(detailScript, /isDirectManagerApprovalStage\.value\)[\s\S]*return isCurrentDirectManagerApprover\.value/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /isDirectManagerApprovalStage\.value[\s\S]*&& isCurrentDirectManagerApprover\.value/)
+  assert.match(detailScript, /canProcessFinanceApprovalStage\.value/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailScript, /leaderApprovalReadonlyText/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /resolveGeneratedDraftClaimNo/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /approveActionLabel/)
-  assert.match(detailScript, /requiresApprovalOpinion\.value && !leaderOpinion\.value\.trim\(\)/)
-  assert.match(detailScript, /请先填写领导意见，填写后才能确认审核。/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /approveExpenseClaim\(request\.value\.claimId, \{[\s\S]*opinion: leaderOpinion\.value\.trim\(\)/)
   assert.match(detailScript, /报销草稿 \$\{generatedDraftClaimNo\} 已生成/)
 
-  assert.match(detailTemplate, /v-if="showLeaderApprovalPanel"/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailTemplate, /v-if="showLeaderApprovalPanel"/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailTemplate, /showApplicationLeaderOpinionInput/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailTemplate, /class="leader-approval-card/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailTemplate, /class="inline-leader-opinion/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /v-if="showApplicationLeaderOpinion"/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /class="application-leader-opinion"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /v-if="hasLeaderApprovalEvents"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /class="application-leader-opinion-timeline"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /v-for="event in leaderApprovalEvents"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /class="application-leader-opinion-event"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /event\.type === 'returned'/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailTemplate, /leaderApprovalReadonlyText/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailTemplate, /\u5f85\u76f4\u5c5e\u9886\u5bfc\u586b\u5199\u5ba1\u6279\u610f\u89c1/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /领导意见/)
-  assert.match(detailTemplate, /\{\{ approvalOpinionTitle \}\}/)
-  assert.match(detailTemplate, /v-model="leaderOpinion"/)
-  assert.match(detailTemplate, /maxlength="500"\s+:required="requiresApprovalOpinion"/)
-  assert.match(detailTemplate, /:placeholder="approvalOpinionPlaceholder"/)
+  assert.match(approvalDialog, /\{\{ opinionTitle \}\}/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailTemplate, /v-model="leaderOpinion"/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /@click="handleApproveRequest"/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /\{\{ approveBusy \? approveBusyLabel : approveActionLabel \}\}/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /:open="approveConfirmDialogOpen"/)
@@ -78,18 +105,39 @@ test('approval-mode detail collects leader opinion and confirms approval before
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /:description="approvalConfirmDescription"/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /:confirm-text="approveConfirmText"/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /:busy-text="approveBusyText"/)
-  assert.match(detailTemplate, /\{\{ approvalNextStage \}\}/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /:next-stage="approvalNextStage"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /v-model:opinion="leaderOpinion"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /:opinion-placeholder="approvalOpinionPlaceholder"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /:opinion-hint="approvalOpinionHint"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /:opinion-required="requiresApprovalOpinion"/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /@confirm="confirmApproveRequest"/)
   assert.match(detailTemplate, /:description="returnDialogDescription"/)
+  assert.match(detailTemplate, /:application="isApplicationDocument"/)
 
   const handleApproveRequest = extractFunction(detailScript, 'handleApproveRequest')
   const confirmApproveRequest = extractFunction(detailScript, 'confirmApproveRequest')
   assert.doesNotMatch(handleApproveRequest, /approveExpenseClaim/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(handleApproveRequest, /leaderOpinion\.value\.trim/)
   assert.match(confirmApproveRequest, /approveExpenseClaim/)
+  assert.match(confirmApproveRequest, /requiresApprovalOpinion\.value && !leaderOpinion\.value\.trim\(\)/)
+  assert.match(confirmApproveRequest, /请先填写领导意见，填写后才能确认审核。/)
+
+  assert.match(approvalDialog, /<textarea/)
+  assert.match(approvalDialog, /update:opinion/)
+  assert.match(approvalDialog, /opinionPlaceholder/)
+  assert.match(approvalDialog, /opinionHint/)
+  assert.match(approvalDialog, /opinionRequired/)
+  assert.match(approvalDialog, /\{\{ currentOpinion\.length \}\}\/500/)
 
   assert.match(detailStyles, /\.detail-card-title-with-icon \{[\s\S]*display: inline-flex;[\s\S]*align-items: center;[\s\S]*gap: 8px;/)
   assert.match(detailStyles, /\.detail-card-title-with-icon i \{[\s\S]*font-size: 18px;[\s\S]*line-height: 1;/)
   assert.match(detailStyles, /\.application-leader-opinion-head span \{[\s\S]*display: inline-flex;[\s\S]*align-items: center;[\s\S]*gap: 8px;/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailStyles, /\.leader-approval-card/)
+  assert.doesNotMatch(detailStyles, /\.inline-leader-opinion/)
+  assert.match(detailStyles, /\.application-leader-opinion-timeline \{/)
+  assert.match(detailStyles, /\.application-leader-opinion-event \{/)
+  assert.match(detailStyles, /\.application-leader-opinion-event\.danger::before \{/)
+  assert.match(detailStyles, /\.application-leader-opinion-event\.success::before \{/)
 
   assert.match(reimbursementService, /export function approveExpenseClaim\(claimId, payload = \{\}\)/)
   assert.match(reimbursementService, /\/approve/)