feat: 完善审批退回流程与报销申请关联

后端优化报销单访问策略和常量定义，增强退回原因和审批状态
流转，前端完善退回对话框和审批交互组件，新增报销申请关联
模型，优化文档中心行数据和审批收件箱工具函数，增强引导
流程和会话模型，补充单元测试覆盖。

web/src/components/shared/ReturnReasonDialog.vue

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <template>
   <ConfirmDialog
     :open="open"
-    badge="退回单据"
+    :badge="dialogBadge"
     badge-tone="warning"
     :title="title"
     :description="description"
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
   >
     <div class="return-reason-dialog">
       <div class="return-reason-section">
-        <span>默认风险点</span>
-        <div class="return-reason-options" role="group" aria-label="默认退回风险点">
+        <span>{{ optionsTitle }}</span>
+        <div class="return-reason-options" role="group" :aria-label="optionsAriaLabel">
           <label
             v-for="option in options"
             :key="option.code"
@@ -29,11 +29,13 @@
               type="checkbox"
               :value="option.code"
               :disabled="busy"
+              @change="handleOptionChange"
             />
             <i :class="option.icon"></i>
             <strong>{{ option.label }}</strong>
           </label>
         </div>
+        <small v-if="selectionError" class="error">{{ selectionError }}</small>
       </div>
 
       <label class="return-reason-section">
@@ -42,11 +44,11 @@
           v-model="reasonText"
           rows="4"
           :disabled="busy"
-          placeholder="请写清楚需要申请人补充或修改的内容，例如：发票金额与明细金额不一致，请重新上传正确票据。"
+          :placeholder="reasonPlaceholder"
           @input="touched = true"
         ></textarea>
         <small :class="{ error: reasonError }">
-          {{ reasonError || '会同步记录到退单埋点，并展示给申请人。' }}
+          {{ validationMessage }}
         </small>
       </label>
     </div>
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ import { computed, ref, watch } from 'vue'
 
 import ConfirmDialog from './ConfirmDialog.vue'
 
-const RETURN_REASON_OPTIONS = [
+const CLAIM_RETURN_REASON_OPTIONS = [
   { code: 'missing_attachment', label: '附件缺失或不清晰', icon: 'mdi mdi-paperclip-alert' },
   { code: 'invoice_mismatch', label: '票据类型/金额与明细不一致', icon: 'mdi mdi-file-compare' },
   { code: 'over_policy', label: '超出制度标准或缺少超标说明', icon: 'mdi mdi-scale-unbalanced' },
@@ -67,10 +69,44 @@ const RETURN_REASON_OPTIONS = [
   { code: 'approval_question', label: '审批人需要补充说明', icon: 'mdi mdi-comment-question-outline' }
 ]
 
+const APPLICATION_RETURN_REASON_OPTIONS = [
+  {
+    code: 'application_info_incomplete',
+    label: '申请信息不完整',
+    icon: 'mdi mdi-form-textbox',
+    defaultReason: '请补充出差时间、地点、事由、天数或出行方式等关键信息后重新提交。'
+  },
+  {
+    code: 'application_business_need_unclear',
+    label: '业务必要性说明不足',
+    icon: 'mdi mdi-briefcase-question-outline',
+    defaultReason: '请说明本次申请对应的项目、客户或任务背景，以及必须现场处理的原因。'
+  },
+  {
+    code: 'application_budget_basis_missing',
+    label: '预算测算依据不足',
+    icon: 'mdi mdi-calculator-variant-outline',
+    defaultReason: '请补充预计住宿、交通、补贴等费用构成及测算依据，便于判断预算合理性。'
+  },
+  {
+    code: 'application_policy_mismatch',
+    label: '制度口径不匹配',
+    icon: 'mdi mdi-scale-balance',
+    defaultReason: '当前申请与差旅制度口径存在不一致，请核对职级、目的地、天数或费用标准后调整。'
+  },
+  {
+    code: 'application_attachment_needed',
+    label: '前置材料需补充',
+    icon: 'mdi mdi-file-document-plus-outline',
+    defaultReason: '请补充会议通知、客户邀约、项目安排或其他能支撑申请必要性的材料。'
+  }
+]
+
 const props = defineProps({
   open: { type: Boolean, default: false },
   busy: { type: Boolean, default: false },
   claimNo: { type: String, default: '' },
+  application: { type: Boolean, default: false },
   title: { type: String, default: '确认退回该单据吗？' },
   description: {
     type: String,
@@ -83,15 +119,40 @@ const emit = defineEmits(['close', 'confirm'])
 const selectedCodes = ref([])
 const reasonText = ref('')
 const touched = ref(false)
+const selectionTouched = ref(false)
+const lastAutoReason = ref('')
 
-const options = computed(() => RETURN_REASON_OPTIONS)
+const options = computed(() => (props.application ? APPLICATION_RETURN_REASON_OPTIONS : CLAIM_RETURN_REASON_OPTIONS))
+const dialogBadge = computed(() => (props.application ? '退回申请' : '退回单据'))
+const optionsTitle = computed(() => (props.application ? '退单选项' : '默认风险点'))
+const optionsAriaLabel = computed(() => (props.application ? '申请退单选项' : '默认退回风险点'))
+const reasonPlaceholder = computed(() => (
+  props.application
+    ? '请选择退单选项，系统会自动带入默认理由。领导可按实际情况继续修改。'
+    : '请写清楚需要申请人补充或修改的内容，例如：发票金额与明细金额不一致，请重新上传正确票据。'
+))
 const trimmedReason = computed(() => reasonText.value.trim())
+const selectionError = computed(() => {
+  if (!props.application || !selectionTouched.value || selectedCodes.value.length > 0) {
+    return ''
+  }
+  return '请选择至少一个退单选项，便于后续看板统计。'
+})
 const reasonError = computed(() => {
   if (!touched.value || trimmedReason.value.length >= 6) {
     return ''
   }
   return '请至少填写 6 个字的明确退单理由。'
 })
+const validationMessage = computed(() => (
+  selectionError.value
+  || reasonError.value
+  || (
+    props.application
+      ? '退单选项会写入结构化埋点，理由会展示给申请人。'
+      : '会同步记录到退单埋点，并展示给申请人。'
+  )
+))
 
 watch(
   () => props.open,
@@ -100,10 +161,33 @@ watch(
       selectedCodes.value = []
       reasonText.value = ''
       touched.value = false
+      selectionTouched.value = false
+      lastAutoReason.value = ''
     }
   }
 )
 
+watch(selectedCodes, () => {
+  if (!props.application) {
+    return
+  }
+
+  const defaultReason = selectedCodes.value
+    .map((code) => options.value.find((option) => option.code === code)?.defaultReason || '')
+    .filter(Boolean)
+    .join('\n')
+
+  const canAutoFill = !touched.value || !reasonText.value.trim() || reasonText.value === lastAutoReason.value
+  if (canAutoFill) {
+    reasonText.value = defaultReason
+  }
+  lastAutoReason.value = defaultReason
+})
+
+function handleOptionChange() {
+  selectionTouched.value = true
+}
+
 function handleClose() {
   if (!props.busy) {
     emit('close')
@@ -112,7 +196,8 @@ function handleClose() {
 
 function handleConfirm() {
   touched.value = true
-  if (trimmedReason.value.length < 6 || props.busy) {
+  selectionTouched.value = true
+  if ((props.application && selectedCodes.value.length === 0) || trimmedReason.value.length < 6 || props.busy) {
     return
   }