diff --git a/server/tests/test_onlyoffice_callback_summary.py b/server/tests/test_onlyoffice_callback_summary.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c685f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/tests/test_onlyoffice_callback_summary.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import pytest
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+from io import BytesIO
+from openpyxl import Workbook
+from app.services.agent_assets import AgentAssetService
+from app.schemas.agent_asset import AgentAssetOnlyOfficeCallbackWrite
+
+def test_onlyoffice_callback_generates_summary_note():
+    # Setup mock DB and repository
+    db = MagicMock()
+    service = AgentAssetService(db)
+    service.repository = MagicMock()
+    service.spreadsheet_manager = MagicMock()
+    service._ensure_ready = MagicMock()
+    
+    # Mock asset and metadata
+    asset = MagicMock()
+    asset.id = "test-asset"
+    asset.name = "测试规则"
+    service._require_spreadsheet_rule = MagicMock(return_value=asset)
+    service._resolve_working_version = MagicMock(return_value="v1")
+    
+    base_meta = MagicMock()
+    base_meta.file_name = "test.xlsx"
+    base_meta.storage_key = "old-key"
+    base_meta.checksum = "old-checksum"
+    service._resolve_spreadsheet_version_meta = MagicMock(return_value=("v1", base_meta))
+    
+    # Create base workbook
+    base_wb = Workbook()
+    base_ws = base_wb.active
+    base_ws["A1"] = "old value"
+    
+    # Mock loading base workbook
+    service._load_spreadsheet_for_compare = MagicMock(return_value=base_wb)
+    service.spreadsheet_manager.resolve_storage_path = MagicMock()
+    
+    # Create new content (modified)
+    new_wb = Workbook()
+    new_ws = new_wb.active
+    new_ws["A1"] = "new value"  # 1 cell changed
+    new_ws["B2"] = "added"      # 1 more cell changed
+    
+    # Mock URL open to return new content
+    new_content_bio = BytesIO()
+    new_wb.save(new_content_bio)
+    new_content = new_content_bio.getvalue()
+    
+    with patch("app.services.agent_assets.urlopen") as mock_urlopen:
+        mock_response = MagicMock()
+        mock_response.read.return_value = new_content
+        mock_response.__enter__.return_value = mock_response
+        mock_urlopen.return_value = mock_response
+        
+        # Mock upload_rule_spreadsheet
+        service.upload_rule_spreadsheet = MagicMock()
+        
+        # Execute callback handler
+        payload = {
+            "status": 2,
+            "url": "http://onlyoffice/download",
+            "users": ["test_user"]
+        }
+        
+        service.handle_rule_spreadsheet_onlyoffice_callback(
+            "test-asset",
+            version="v1",
+            payload=payload
+        )
+        
+        # Verify upload_rule_spreadsheet was called with correct change_note
+        service.upload_rule_spreadsheet.assert_called_once()
+        call_args = service.upload_rule_spreadsheet.call_args[1]
+        assert "涉及 1 个 Sheet，共 2 处改动" in call_args["change_note"]
+        assert call_args["actor"] == "test_user"
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    pytest.main([__file__])